9/13/2023 0 Comments Thrombosis definitionSome types of cancer or cancer treatment may increase levels of certain substances in your blood that cause clots. Inflammatory bowel disease ( Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis).Use of birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy.Injuries to the legs that affect the veins. Medical treatment requiring long hospital stays or bed rest.There are now methods of treatment that may save the limb, such as surgical removal of a thrombus or embolus, or surgery of blood vessels to remove old, narrowed, or deteriorated vessels and replace them with grafts.Deep vein thrombosis can result from certain medical conditions that affect how your blood clots, according to the Mayo Clinic: This condition is most common in the elderly and in diabetics. If this is not effective, surgery may be required. Immediate treatment with anticoagulants is necessary to discourage clotting. The onset, often sudden, is characterized by either a tingling feeling or numbness and coldness in the limb. This occurs most frequently in arteries of the legs and is called peripheral thrombosis. In advanced cases of arteriosclerosis, a thrombus may fill up whatever channel remains through a vessel, completely blocking off circulation and causing gangrene. Causes include hardening of the cerebral arteries, hypertension, complications of syphilis or other infections, dehydration, diabetes mellitus, or a violent injury. Cerebral thrombosis is arterial thrombosis in one of the cerebral arteries the thrombus obstructs the supply of blood to the brain and results in stroke syndrome. A thrombus in one of these arteries will block part of the blood supply to the heart muscle and cause severe myocardial infarction, which is a medical emergency. Coronary thrombosis, arterial thrombosis in a coronary artery, is a complication of coronary atherosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis may be hereditary or may be brought on by diabetes mellitus. The main types of arterial thrombosis are related to arteriosclerosis, although thrombosis can also result from infection or from injury to an artery. Practice management guidelines for venous thromboembolism in trauma patients note that a vena cava filter should be considered in patients at high risk who are not candidates for anticoagulants.Īrterial Thrombosis. With proper treatment, recovery occurs within a short time unless an embolism develops. In thrombosis of deep veins, the affected part must be immobilized to prevent the clot from spreading or turning into an embolus, and anticoagulant drugs may be given. In thrombosis of superficial veins, bed rest with legs elevated and application of heat to the affected area may be all that is necessary. Under no circumstances should the affected limb be massaged. Immediate medical attention is necessary in any case. The symptoms-a feeling of heaviness, pain, warmth, or swelling in the affected part, and sometimes chills and fever-do not necessarily indicate its severity. This occurs most often in the legs or pelvis it may be a complication of phlebitis, result from injury to a vein, or occur with prolonged bed rest. Because blood normally flows more slowly through the veins than through the arteries, thrombosis is more common in veins than in arteries. A thrombus may form in the heart chambers, such as after coronary thrombosis (see below) at the place where the wall of the heart is weakened, or in the dilated atria in a case of mitral stenosis. Such a clot is called an embolus, and the condition is known as embolism. Sometimes a thrombus detaches itself from the wall and is carried along by the bloodstream. Many factors can interfere with normal blood flow: heart failure or physical inactivity may retard circulation generally a change in the shape or inner surface of a vessel wall may impede blood flow, as in atherosclerosis a mass may grow inside the body and exert pressure on a vessel the vessel wall may be injured and roughened by an accident, surgery, a burn, cold, inflammation, or infection or the blood may thicken in reaction to the presence of a foreign serum or snake venom. Formation, development, or presence of a thrombus this can happen whenever the flow of blood in arteries or veins is impeded.
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